Logging While Drilling: • Logging while drilling (LWD) is an oilfield service that provides a tool within the drill string that transmits real-time formation information. The LWD tools are located near the end of the drillstring. The measurements recorded provide drilling engineers with critical welRead more
Logging While Drilling:
• Logging while drilling (LWD) is an oilfield service that provides a tool within the drill string that transmits real-time formation information. The LWD tools are located near the end of the drillstring. The measurements recorded provide drilling engineers with critical well information so they may make time sensitive decisions about future well operations.
• LWD is the most effective tool for measuring physical properties, where standard wireline systems previously acquired either no data or poor-quality data. LWD acquires a continuous log of physical properties from directly above the drill bit, where hole conditions are optimal for logging.
• LWD measurement ensures that some measurement of the subsurface is captured in the event that wireline operations are not possible. Timely LWD data can also be
used to guide well placement so that the wellbore remains within the zone of interest which is called as Geosteering.
• LWD tools consists of Gamma Ray Log, Resistivity log, Neutron porosity and density porosity logs which tells us whether the zone is shaly or non shaly, whether the
zone consists of hydrocarbon or water and tells how porous the zone is.
Seismic waves are categorized into three main types based on their motion and propagation: Primary waves (P-waves): These are the fastest seismic waves and travel through both solids and liquids. P-waves cause particles to move in the same direction as the wave's propagation, resulting in a bRead more
Seismic waves are categorized into three main types based on their motion and propagation:
Primary waves (P-waves): These are the fastest seismic waves and travel through both solids and liquids. P-waves cause particles to move in the same direction as the wave’s propagation, resulting in a back-and-forth compressional motion. They are responsible for the initial, less intense shaking during an earthquake.
Secondary waves (S-waves): S-waves are slower than P-waves and only travel through solids. They cause particles to move perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation, producing a side-to-side shearing motion. S-waves are responsible for the more intense shaking felt during an earthquake.
Surface waves: These waves travel along the Earth’s surface and are slower than both P-waves and S-waves. Surface waves are responsible for the most damaging and prolonged shaking during an earthquake. There are two types of surface waves:
These seismic waves play a crucial role in our understanding of earthquakes and the Earth’s internal structure.
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