Geology Online Quizzes Questions and Answers

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Geology Multiple Choice Questions

 

#1. pyroclastic flow is formed when an explosive eruption produces a dense mixture of:

Water and volcanic ash

Hot gases and volcanic ash (shattered rock and pumice)

Water and lava

#2. What type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

Metamorphic

Igneous

Sedimentary

#3. What is the study of the Earth’s physical and chemical processes called?

Geology

Meteorology

Oceanography

#4. Which of the following is NOT a type of rock?

Mineralized

Sedimentary

Sedimentary

#5. What is the epicenter?

Vibrational energy waves that travel outward in all directions from the focus. They can be measured on a seismograph.

The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus.

Data from 3 seismic statins is used to triangulate the location of the epicenter

#6. A sheet-like intrusion formed as magma pushes in between layers of rock is called:

A Batholith

A dyke

A sill

#7. What name is given to molten rocks thrown out by a volcano?

Lava

Granite

Basalt

#8. Which type of rock is primarily composed of calcium carbonate?

Granite

Limestone

Sandstone

#9. What is the name for the layer of the Earth’s interior located between the crust and the core?

Mantle

Lithosphere

Asthenosphere

#10. What is the difference in energy released?

The place within the Earth where energy is released.

Based on amplitudes of the largest seismic waves

A = 30 fold increase in energy released.

#11. Which type of volcano is characterized by a small, steep-sided cone?

Cinder cone volcano

Stratovolcano

Shield volcano

#12. Which of these rocks is the hardest?

Granite

Marble

Sandstone

#13. Acid mine drainage from underground mines occurs as

Slurry lagoon drainage

Spoil tip drainage

Point discharge

#14. What is Geology?

Economic

Earth science

Natural science

Social science

#15. What is the name for a crack in a rock along which there has been movement?

Fault

Fold

Cleavage

#16. What type of rock is formed from the alteration of preexisting rocks due to heat and pressure?

Sedimentary

Igneous

Metamorphic

#17. What is the term for the process by which rock is broken down into smaller pieces by living organisms?

Deposition

Biodegradation

Weathering

#18. What is the term for the process by which sediment is moved downhill by gravity?

Erosion

Deposition

Weathering

#19. What is the name for the process by which one tectonic plate is forced beneath another?

Subduction

Divergence

Convergence

#20. What is the name for the process by which rock is broken down into smaller pieces?

Erosion

Weathering

Deposition

#21. Earthworms in the soil help to do what?

Add nutrients

Take nutrients

Mix nutrients

#22. What property of marble makes it vulnerable to weathering processes?

It can be polished to look attractive

It can be dissolved by weak acids

It is impermeable (water cannot penetrate)

#23. Which is the correct hierarchical level of organisation in ecology?

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, landscape, ecosphere

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, landscape, biome, ecosphere

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, landscape, biome, ecosphere

#24. Hardness of minerals depends on

Chemical composition and atomic constitution

Physical makeup and atomic constitution

Chemical composition and physical makeup

#25. What color is the peridot stone?

Red

Green

Orange

#26. Which type of plate boundary is characterized by two plates sliding past each other?

Transform boundary

Divergent boundary

Convergent boundary

#27. Which type of rock is most likely to contain fossils?

Metamorphic

Sedimentary

Igneous

#28. Which of the following provides the best evidence that rocks have been uplifted?

Fossil sea-creatures found in rocks on a mountain-top

Rounded grains in a sedimentary rock

Crystals in an igneous rock

#29. Conglomerate is a rock made up of rounded pebbles that have become cemented together. A sample of conglomerate from Scotland contains pebbles of granite. Which of the following is NOT true?

The granite pebbles were eroded from a much older rock than the conglomerate

The granite pebbles became rounded during transport

The granite pebbles are younger than the conglomerate

#30. What is the process by which sediments are transformed into sedimentary rock?

Compaction and cementation

Weathering and erosion

Melting and solidification

#31. The age of the Earth is thought to be about:

4.6 billion years

46 thousand years

4,600 years

#32. Which type of volcano is characterized by a broad, gently sloping cone?

Shield volcano

Stratovolcano

Cinder cone volcano

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