Geology Online Quizzes Questions and Answers

Geology online Quizzes questions and answers. Free online quiz with multiple-choice questions (MCQ) without registration.

Geology Multiple Choice Questions

#1. What is the name for the layer of the Earth's interior located between the crust and the core?

Mantle

Mantle

Asthenosphere

Asthenosphere

Lithosphere

Lithosphere

#2. What is the difference in energy released?

The place within the Earth where energy is released.

The place within the Earth where energy is released.

A = 30 fold increase in energy released.

A = 30 fold increase in energy released.

Based on amplitudes of the largest seismic waves

Based on amplitudes of the largest seismic waves

#3. A sheet-like intrusion formed as magma pushes in between layers of rock is called:

A sill

A sill

A dyke

A dyke

A Batholith

A Batholith

#4. Which type of volcano is characterized by a broad, gently sloping cone?

Shield volcano

Shield volcano

Stratovolcano

Stratovolcano

Cinder cone volcano

Cinder cone volcano

#5. What property of marble makes it vulnerable to weathering processes?

It is impermeable (water cannot penetrate)

It is impermeable (water cannot penetrate)

It can be polished to look attractive

It can be polished to look attractive

It can be dissolved by weak acids

It can be dissolved by weak acids

#6. What is the process by which sediments are transformed into sedimentary rock?

Melting and solidification

Melting and solidification

Weathering and erosion

Weathering and erosion

Compaction and cementation

Compaction and cementation

#7. What is Geology?

Social science

Social science

Economic

Economic

Natural science

Natural science

Earth science

Earth science

#8. What color is the peridot stone?

Green

Green

Red

Red

Orange

Orange

#9. Which of these rocks is the hardest?

Sandstone

Sandstone

Granite

Granite

Marble

Marble

#10. Conglomerate is a rock made up of rounded pebbles that have become cemented together. A sample of conglomerate from Scotland contains pebbles of granite. Which of the following is NOT true?

The granite pebbles were eroded from a much older rock than the conglomerate

The granite pebbles were eroded from a much older rock than the conglomerate

The granite pebbles became rounded during transport

The granite pebbles became rounded during transport

The granite pebbles are younger than the conglomerate

The granite pebbles are younger than the conglomerate

#11. Acid mine drainage from underground mines occurs as

Spoil tip drainage

Spoil tip drainage

Point discharge

Point discharge

Slurry lagoon drainage

Slurry lagoon drainage

#12. What type of rock is formed from the alteration of preexisting rocks due to heat and pressure?

Metamorphic

Metamorphic

Igneous

Igneous

Sedimentary

Sedimentary

#13. What is the name for the process by which rock is broken down into smaller pieces?

Weathering

Weathering

Erosion

Erosion

Deposition

Deposition

#14. pyroclastic flow is formed when an explosive eruption produces a dense mixture of:

Water and volcanic ash

Water and volcanic ash

Water and lava

Water and lava

Hot gases and volcanic ash (shattered rock and pumice)

Hot gases and volcanic ash (shattered rock and pumice)

#15. Which is the correct hierarchical level of organisation in ecology?

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, landscape, biome, ecosphere

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, landscape, biome, ecosphere

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, landscape, ecosphere

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, landscape, ecosphere

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, landscape, biome, ecosphere

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, landscape, biome, ecosphere

#16. What is the study of the Earth's physical and chemical processes called?

Meteorology

Meteorology

Oceanography

Oceanography

Geology

Geology

#17. Which type of plate boundary is characterized by two plates sliding past each other?

Convergent boundary

Convergent boundary

Divergent boundary

Divergent boundary

Transform boundary

Transform boundary

#18. Which type of volcano is characterized by a small, steep-sided cone?

Cinder cone volcano

Cinder cone volcano

Shield volcano

Shield volcano

Stratovolcano

Stratovolcano

#19. What is the name for a crack in a rock along which there has been movement?

Cleavage

Cleavage

Fold

Fold

Fault

Fault

#20. The age of the Earth is thought to be about:

4.6 billion years

4.6 billion years

4,600 years

4,600 years

46 thousand years

46 thousand years

#21. Which type of rock is primarily composed of calcium carbonate?

Sandstone

Sandstone

Granite

Granite

Limestone

Limestone

#22. Which of the following provides the best evidence that rocks have been uplifted?

Crystals in an igneous rock

Crystals in an igneous rock

Rounded grains in a sedimentary rock

Rounded grains in a sedimentary rock

Fossil sea-creatures found in rocks on a mountain-top

Fossil sea-creatures found in rocks on a mountain-top

#23. What name is given to molten rocks thrown out by a volcano?

Lava

Lava

Basalt

Basalt

Granite

Granite

#24. Hardness of minerals depends on

Chemical composition and atomic constitution

Chemical composition and atomic constitution

Physical makeup and atomic constitution

Physical makeup and atomic constitution

Chemical composition and physical makeup

Chemical composition and physical makeup

#25. What type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

Sedimentary

Sedimentary

Metamorphic

Metamorphic

Igneous

Igneous

#26. What is the name for the process by which one tectonic plate is forced beneath another?

Subduction

Subduction

Divergence

Divergence

Convergence

Convergence

#27. Which type of rock is most likely to contain fossils?

Sedimentary

Sedimentary

Metamorphic

Metamorphic

Igneous

Igneous

#28. What is the term for the process by which sediment is moved downhill by gravity?

Deposition

Deposition

Erosion

Erosion

Weathering

Weathering

#29. What is the term for the process by which rock is broken down into smaller pieces by living organisms?

Biodegradation

Biodegradation

Weathering

Weathering

Deposition

Deposition

#30. Earthworms in the soil help to do what?

Take nutrients

Take nutrients

Mix nutrients

Mix nutrients

Add nutrients

Add nutrients

#31. Which of the following is NOT a type of rock?

Mineralized

Mineralized

Sedimentary

Sedimentary

Sedimentary

Sedimentary

#32. What is the epicenter?

The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus.

The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus.

Vibrational energy waves that travel outward in all directions from the focus. They can be measured on a seismograph.

Vibrational energy waves that travel outward in all directions from the focus. They can be measured on a seismograph.

Data from 3 seismic statins is used to triangulate the location of the epicenter

Data from 3 seismic statins is used to triangulate the location of the epicenter

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